The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch (currently King Charles III) serves as the ceremonial head of state. The monarchy's powers are largely symbolic, with real political power vested in Parliament and the Prime Minister.
Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy where the King holds extensive powers over the government and society. The ruling family, the House of Saud, has significant control over all aspects of the country, including its political, legal, and economic systems.
Japan is a constitutional monarchy with a very limited role for the Emperor. The Emperor (currently Emperor Naruhito) serves as a ceremonial figurehead with no governing powers, as political authority resides with elected officials and the Prime Minister.
Sweden is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch (currently King Carl XVI Gustaf) has a largely ceremonial role. The Swedish monarchy is symbolic, with no political power, and the country is governed by a parliamentary system.
Norway is a constitutional monarchy with the King (currently King Harald V) serving primarily as a ceremonial leader. The King's duties are symbolic, and the country operates under a parliamentary democracy with political power held by elected representatives.
Denmark is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch (currently Queen Margrethe II) performs ceremonial duties. While the Queen has no political power, she is a respected figure in Danish society, and the country is governed by a parliamentary system.
The Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy with the King (currently King Willem-Alexander) having a ceremonial role. The Dutch monarch performs duties related to national unity and public representation, while political power is exercised by elected officials.
Belgium is a constitutional monarchy where the King (currently King Philippe) acts as a ceremonial head of state. The monarchy's role is largely symbolic, with real political power residing with the federal government and the elected parliament.
Liechtenstein is a constitutional monarchy with the Prince (currently Prince Hans-Adam II) holding significant powers compared to other European monarchs. The Prince has a role in the country's political decisions, although much of the day-to-day governance is managed by elected officials.
Brunei is an absolute monarchy where the Sultan (currently Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah) holds full control over the government and country. The Sultan's authority extends to both the executive and legislative branches, and he also serves as the head of state and government.